|
Barnoldswick (colloquially known as Barlick) is a town and civil parish in Lancashire, England. Situated near the county border with North Yorkshire, it lies just outside the Yorkshire Dales National Park and the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The town is built in the shadow of Weets Hill, and Stock Beck, a tributary of the River Ribble, runs through the town. It has a population of 11,005.〔(Office for National Statistics : ''Census 2011'' )〕 Barnoldswick and the surrounding areas of West Craven were part of the historic West Riding of Yorkshire between 876 (the earliest known written reference to the Ridings of York in the Anglo Saxon Chronicles) and 1974, when local government was reorganised; West Riding County Council and Barnoldswick Urban District Council were abolished and replaced in this area by the Borough of Pendle, a part of Lancashire. Situated on the lower slopes of Weets Hill in the Pennines astride the natural watershed between the Ribble and Aire valleys, Barnoldswick is the highest town on the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, lying on the summit level of the canal between Barrowford Locks to the south west and Greenberfield Locks just north east of the town. It is approximately from the cities of Leeds, Manchester and Preston. Nearby towns include Skipton to the east, Clitheroe to the west, Burnley to the south and Keighley to the east southeast. Barnoldswick is one of the longest place names in the United Kingdom without repeating any letters. Buckfastleigh in Devon, Buslingthorpe in Leeds, West Yorkshire and Buslingthorpe in Lincolnshire are longer with 13 letters. ==History== Barnoldswick dates back to Anglo Saxon times. It was listed in the Domesday Book as Bernulfsuuic, meaning Bernulf's Town (uuic being an archaic spelling of wick, meaning settlement, in particular, a dairy farm).〔(Barnoldswick History )〕〔(Early History of Barnoldswick )〕 A Cistercian monastery was founded there in 1147 by monks from Fountains Abbey. However they left after six years, before construction was complete, driven out by crop failures and locals unhappy at their interference in the affairs of the local church. They went on to build Kirkstall Abbey. They returned after another ten years to build the isolated Church of St Mary-le-Ghyll close to the road between Barnoldswick and Thornton in Craven. For hundreds of years Barnoldswick remained a small village. However, the arrival of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, and later the (now closed) railway, spurred the development of the existing woollen industry, and helped it to become a major cotton town. The engine of the last mill to be built in Barnoldswick, Bancroft Mill, has been preserved and is now open as a tourist attraction - a 600hp steam engine which is still operational.〔(Bancroft Mill )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barnoldswick」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|